The European Parliament is one of the main legislative bodies of the EU and an important forum for political debate and decision-making at the EU level. Members of the European Parliament are directly elected by voters of all member states to represent people’s interests in EU legislation and to ensure that other EU institutions can work democratically. The European Parliament has a series of supervision and control powers, which enable it to supervise other institutions, supervise the correct use of the EU budget, and ensure the correct implementation of EU laws. Food safety-related regulations are generally jointly formulated by the European Parliament and the European Council.

The Council of the European Union is one of the main legislative bodies of the European Union. The Council of the European Union is an important decision-maker in the European Union. In most cases, it negotiates with the European Parliament and passes legislative acts through ordinary legislative procedures; the European Council is also responsible for coordinating member states’ policies in specific areas; determining and implementing EU foreign and security policies in accordance with the guidelines set by the European Council; authorizing the European Commission to negotiate agreements between the EU and non-EU countries and international organizations . The European Council must also seek the opinions of the European Parliament before making a final decision on the bill proposed by the European Commission. In addition, food safety-related regulations are generally jointly formulated by the European Council and the European Parliament.

The European Commission is one of the EU's legislative bodies and is also responsible for the implementation and supervision of corresponding regulations. The European Commission is the permanent executive body of the European Union, responsible for formulating and implementing laws and regulations and specific implementation directives related to the Framework Directive; it submits reports and legislative motions to the European Council and the Council of the European Union, and is also the only institution in the EU that has the authority to draft proposals; It is responsible for the implementation of relevant food safety regulations.

The European Commission is one of the EU's legislative bodies and is also responsible for the implementation and supervision of corresponding regulations. The European Commission is the permanent executive body of the European Union, responsible for formulating and implementing laws and regulations and specific implementation directives related to the Framework Directive; it submits reports and legislative motions to the European Council and the Council of the European Union, and is also the only institution in the EU that has the authority to draft proposals; It is responsible for the implementation of relevant food safety regulations.